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Advances in AGRONOMY Vol.19
The purpose of this serial publication is to provide authoritative re- views of progress in crop science, soil science, and agronomie practice. If there is a single theme, it is the soil-plant relationship. Most of the articles in this volume exemplify the theme. One indeed goes further and in an interesting way brings in consideration of the role of the animal in the cycling sequence.
Great strides have been made in the improvement of crop plants through genetic recombination. The acre yield of many crops has been substantially increased by developing varieties better adapted to the environment, but there are still potential gains to be made, both in yield and quality, if the limiting biochemical processes can be identified. In their chapter on this topic, Hageman and colleagues discuss the nature of the opportunities thus presented. Physiological factors under genetic control are dealt with by Quinby in reviewing the maturity genes in sorghum, a crop the geographic range of which has been considerably extended in recent years.
All plant breeders are properly concerned with the preservation of seed stocks and the maintenance of gene pools. The unique facility erected by the U. S. Department of Agriculture for this purpose is described by its Director, Edwin James.
More applied topics are treated in a chapter on the growth and nutrition of flu-cured tobacco by MeCants and Woltz and in one on the soil and nutritional requirements of an important Australian tree crop, Pinus radiata, by Raupach.
In another article Barley and Greacen, Australian authors, take up in an analytical mood one of the oldest problems of plant growth, the penetration of roots through the soil and the emergence of seedling shoots, as affected by the mechanical stress of the environment. Recent developments in our understanding of soil forms of phosphorus and phosphorus transformation in soils are presented in a scholarly review by Sigurd Larsen. This is another old topic that is steadily reshaped because of continuing attention to the essential and dynamic role played
by this element in plant growth. The eight chapters in this volume are indicative of the diversity and vitality of researches in soil and crop science that lead to improvements in practice and to the benefit of man.
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